About 20 years ago, we had a massive breakthrough in medicine, which is the Human Genome Project. The u.s. president went out and in Now, see from the reporters that we have the map of life. With this profound new knowledge, human kind is on the verge of gaining. The men's new power, to heal genome science, will have a real impact on all our lives. From my perspective, what we got is a phone book. We just got the list of the genes that are in ourselves, but having a phone book of the city is not enough for you to understand how the City Works, having the list of the The streets of the city is not enough for you to find your way from me, you need the map. You need to know how the streets connect to each other network medicine, aims to fill in that Gap. Network medicine has really developed in the last 15 years, to tools to look at the net worth went in the cell to map out the interactions and to use That's not to really design a new type of cures, new type of drugs, and new type of Diagnostics, with the arrival of the Human Genome Project, we started to discover a disease cheeks, typically, these she's have mutations that as a result, the protein that the gene generates cannot do what it normally does. Hence an interaction will be missing in the subsolar network and when it's unable to bind it is like A screw not going into the hole where it needs to go and hence the machine is not able to work.
How do you cure a problem like that?
And traditionally what we do today is that we just add you lots of other screws, the problem we have in a network environment at every time I intervene. I also affect other processes that I may not want the fact that those are typically manifesting the side effects of drugs or treatments one of the distinguishing features. Of complex systems is that they seem to be robust to lots of different kinds of failures as I'm talking to you. There are millions of Errors within myself, that I don't even notice somehow molecules, don't arrive at the right time. The protein is not being produced when you should be produced and yet, I don't notice it like in carry on this conversation. It's the question is, how can the cell carry on his functions? There are millions of are respecting that that is fundamentally robustus, question that we started. It was around 2000. And what we realized is that if you just randomly pick a large number of notes in this country Network and you remove them to rest of the networks will be able to communicate with each other. You can remove 95% of the notes randomly and remaining 5% were still able to talk to each other. But there's a price front. Because skiff networks relies so much on the Hops to maintain their connectivity. If you remove only, Only a few of the major hubs the network will break into tiny pieces. This is what we call the Achilles heel of networks today are very robust to random fillers, but at the same time, they're very fragile protects. So if we understand, well, the structure of the networking are so not only we can understand the sort of myth robustness but we can use it for therapeutic advantages in reality would like to To do minimal intervention. That's right. And so the more I know about the network, the more precise I can be that my intervention is only curing the problem and not cause the other ones. That's what really the next level of personalized medicine will come from where I can look at not only at your genome, and I can also map out the interactions within the celebrating the molecules. And then look at the lack of interaction to say that lack of interaction is the source of the potential disease. You make at and how I'm going to use an intervention to bypassed and Blanco peaked.
How could I cure the disease?
We have to reform the way we think about medicine currently. If you have a disease you go to separate Hospital. Depending on what tissue and what organ you have to disease, you go to neurologist to treat brain disease. You go to a Cardiologist to treat heart disease, but in each of your cells, you have the same genome and you have the same underlying Network. And really a mutation that is in your heart is not only in your heart as it is. Your brain, and it's your to us. Well, and in that sense, sooner or later the cardiologists and the neurologist will have to be replaced by your network. Colleges, what I'm hoping is that 10 or 20 years from now, my doctor was show me a network diagram in which he, or she will show where I have my mutations, how they will affect the rest of myself and where, and how will intervene to stop the impact of those mutations. If we succeed, In this path, we made a right to the point and we have a cured the most diseases.
